列表迭代列表如何在python中工作?
问题内容:
我有一个这样的清单清单:
lst = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]
如果我运行这些程序,我将得到类似这样的输出结果。
>>>[j for i in lst for j in i]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>>[j for j in i for i in lst]
[8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9]
谁能解释一下这些输出是如何给出的。两次迭代之间有什么区别?
问题答案:
在第一个LC的末尾i
分配给[8,9]
:
>>> lis = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]
>>> [j for i in lis for j in i]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> i
[8, 9]
现在,在第二个LC中,您需要对此进行迭代i
:
>>> [j for j in i for i in lis]
[8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9]
这两个LC(大致)等效于:
>>> lis = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]
>>> for i in lis:
... for j in i:
... print j,
...
1 2 3 4 5 6 4 5 6 7 8 9
>>> i
[8, 9]
>>> for j in i:
... for i in lis:
... print j,
...
8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9
特别是循环控制变量不再泄漏到周围的范围内。
演示(py 3.x):
>>> lis = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [4, 5, 6], [7], [8, 9]]
>>> [j for i in lis for j in i]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> i
Traceback (most recent call last):
NameError: name 'i' is not defined
>>> j
Traceback (most recent call last):
NameError: name 'j' is not defined