我是否必须关闭由PrintStream包装的FileOutputStream?


问题内容

我使用的是FileOutputStreamPrintStream这样的:

class PrintStreamDemo {  
    public static void main(String args[]) { 
        FileOutputStream out; 
        PrintStream ps; // declare a print stream object
        try {
            // Create a new file output stream
            out = new FileOutputStream("myfile.txt");

            // Connect print stream to the output stream
            ps = new PrintStream(out);

            ps.println ("This data is written to a file:");
            System.err.println ("Write successfully");
            ps.close();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println ("Error in writing to file");
        }
    }
}

我只关门了PrintStream。我是否还需要关闭FileOutputStreamout.close();)?


问题答案:

不,您只需要关闭最外面的流。它将一直委托给包装的流。

但是,您的代码包含一个概念上的失败,应该在中发生关闭finally,否则当代码在打开和关闭之间引发异常时,它永远不会关闭。

例如

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { 
    PrintStream ps = null;

    try {
        ps = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("myfile.txt"));
        ps.println("This data is written to a file:");
        System.out.println("Write successfully");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.err.println("Error in writing to file");
        throw e;
    } finally {
        if (ps != null) ps.close();
    }
}

(请注意,我更改了代码以 引发 异常,以便您了解问题的原因,该异常即包含有关问题原因的详细信息)

或者,当您已经在使用Java 7时,也可以使用ARM(自动资源管理;也称为try-with-
resources
),这样您就不需要自己关闭任何东西:

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { 
    try (PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("myfile.txt"))) {
        ps.println("This data is written to a file:");
        System.out.println("Write successfully");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.err.println("Error in writing to file");
        throw e;
    }
}