如何在SQLAlchemy中跨多个表进行合并?
问题内容:
我有一些不同的通知表,我想对所有表进行联合以向用户显示所有通知。但是,工会没有正常工作。
Python代码
def _get_notifications_query(self, unconfirmed_only=True):
'''
Return base query to return this users notifications.
@param unconfirmed_only
@return Query object
'''
requests = (
DBSession.query(FriendshipRequestNotification)
.outerjoin(UserFriendshipRequestNotification,
UserFriendshipRequestNotification.notification_id==FriendshipRequestNotification.id)
.filter(UserFriendshipRequestNotification.user_id==self.id))
confirmations = (
DBSession.query(FriendshipConfirmationNotification)
.outerjoin(UserFriendshipConfirmationNotification,
UserFriendshipConfirmationNotification.notification_id==FriendshipConfirmationNotification.id)
.filter(UserFriendshipConfirmationNotification.user_id==self.id))
comments = (
DBSession.query(CommentNotification)
.outerjoin(UserCommentNotification,
UserCommentNotification.notification_id==CommentNotification.id)
.filter(UserCommentNotification.user_id==self.id))
if unconfirmed_only:
requests.filter(UserFriendshipRequestNotification.is_confirmed==False)
confirmations.filter(UserFriendshipConfirmationNotification.is_confirmed==False)
comments.filter(UserCommentNotification.is_confirmed==False)
return requests.union(confirmations, comments)
使用:user._get_notifications_query(unconfirmed_only = False).all()
SQL生成
SELECT anon_1.friendship_request_notifications_id AS anon_1_friendship_request_notifications_id, anon_1.friendship_request_notifications_created_at AS anon_1_friendship_request_notifications_created_at, anon_1.friendship_request_notifications_requester_id AS anon_1_friendship_request_notifications_requester_id
FROM (SELECT friendship_request_notifications.id AS friendship_request_notifications_id, friendship_request_notifications.created_at AS friendship_request_notifications_created_at, friendship_request_notifications.requester_id AS friendship_request_notifications_requester_id
FROM friendship_request_notifications LEFT OUTER JOIN users_friendship_request_notifications ON users_friendship_request_notifications.notification_id = friendship_request_notifications.id
WHERE users_friendship_request_notifications.user_id = ? UNION SELECT friendship_confirmation_notifications.id AS friendship_confirmation_notifications_id, friendship_confirmation_notifications.created_at AS friendship_confirmation_notifications_created_at, friendship_confirmation_notifications.accepter_id AS friendship_confirmation_notifications_accepter_id
FROM friendship_confirmation_notifications LEFT OUTER JOIN users_friendship_confirmation_notifications ON users_friendship_confirmation_notifications.notification_id = friendship_confirmation_notifications.id
WHERE users_friendship_confirmation_notifications.user_id = ? UNION SELECT comment_notifications.id AS comment_notifications_id, comment_notifications.created_at AS comment_notifications_created_at, comment_notifications.comment_id AS comment_notifications_comment_id
FROM comment_notifications LEFT OUTER JOIN users_comment_notifications ON users_comment_notifications.notification_id = comment_notifications.id
WHERE users_comment_notifications.user_id = ?) AS anon_1
我期待这些事情
SELECT * FROM friendship_request_notifications
UNION
SELECT * FROM friendship_confirmation_notifications
UNION
SELECT * FROM comment_notifications
另外,有什么方法可以对来自SQLAlchemy的聚合联合结果进行排序?
编辑
我应该提到sqlalchemy.sql.union()
产生正确的SQL,但是我不知道如何从ORM(返回/计数记录)中使用它。
问题答案:
我认为这无法与联合一起使用,即使假设查询是按您期望的那样生成的。您正在查询三种不同的对象类型。当ORM从数据库取回行时,我看不到将行映射到正确的类的方法。
在这种情况下,UNION没有多大意义,因为第三列在所有三个表中都有不同的含义。
除非您的三种通知类型都从一个通用的ORM映射类继承,否则您应该分别进行这三种查询。在那种情况下,SQLAlchemy支持一次查询所有四个类型,尽管不是使用UNION。